Between 1934 and 1938, Lake Garda became a significant refuge for Jewish communities fleeing the rising antisemitism in Europe. In this context, Toscolano Maderno will host an important conference on the subject, led by Professor Bruno Festa, a historian and researcher, which will take place on Tuesday, August 27, at 8:30 PM at Palazzo Benamati.
The Rise of Antisemitism and Family Responses
The rise to power of Adolf Hitler in 1933 marked the beginning of a dark period for Jews in Germany. Nazi ideology fueled antisemitic sentiments, prompting many families to seek refuge for their children abroad. Italy was one of the destinations chosen by these families, with two main options available: enrolling the children in schools or sending them to haksharot, which were akin to kibbutzim.
Jewish Schools in Italy
According to Klaus Voigt, one of the leading experts on this subject, between 1934 and 1938, there were six active Jewish schools in Italy. These institutions were primarily located in Florence, Recco, and Lana di Merano. Two additional schools were situated in Maderno and Gardone Riviera, thus forming a significant educational network for the Jewish community.
Haksharot on Lake Garda
In addition to schools, there were also ten haksharot in the country. However, in 1940, a decree from the Ministry of the Interior ordered the closure of these facilities. Among the haksharot in Italy, two were located in the Lake Garda area: Puegnago (in the locality of La Palude) and Moniga, which at the time was part of the municipality of Padenghe. This fact is particularly interesting as out of a total of sixteen operations in Italy during that period, five were situated in the Brescia region of the lake.
Informational Event in Toscolano Maderno
The conference organized by MU.RE. (Museum of Recovery) represents a unique opportunity to delve into these lesser-known historical aspects regarding Jewish communities at Lake Garda in the 1930s. Admission to the event is free, and it is expected to attract interest from scholars and enthusiasts of local history.
Italian Version
